Transparency and Reliability in Financial Statement: Do They Exist? Evidence from Malaysia

'Forbidden points' in pregnancy: do they exist?

Acupuncture has been used in numerous diseases and for many types of symptoms. It has been also used for obstetric complaints, such as nausea and vomiting, insomnia and low back and girdle pain. There has long been concern that some points--called forbidden--might harm pregnancy owing to a potential abortifacient effect, but it is difficult to confirm this proposition. The small number of avail...

Primordial Black Holes: Do They Exist and Are They Useful?

Recent developments in the study of primordial black holes (PBHs) are reviewed, with particular emphasis on their formation and evaporation. It is still not clear whether PBHs formed but, if they did, they could provide a unique probe of the early Universe, gravitational collapse, high energy physics and quantum gravity. Indeed their study may place interesting constraints on the physics releva...

Relativistic Whistler Oscillitons – Do They Exist?

We examine the effects of relaxing the assumption of quasi-charge neutrality on the propagation of stationary whistler waves. This necessitates that in the wave frame the equations of motion must be made fully relativistic and when this is done, the correct form of the relativistic dispersive effects is recovered. Our numerical solutions indicate that fully relativistic effects can prevent the ...

Scientific Banana Republics: Do They Exist?

Specific PKG inhibitors: do they really exist?

Background Cellular cGMP effects can be mediated by a number of effectors including cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs), cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase (PDE2), cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE3), and cGMPgated channels. Pharmacological inhibitors of PKG are often used to discriminate between these diverse cGMP effects. Currently used PKG inhibitors can be divided into three classes: c...